Pavement and process of constructing the same



July 15, 1924. 1.501.,373

F. O. RONK PAVEMENTAND PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTING 'IHHSAME File d Dec. 1. 1921 Q3 v 14/ my; I

Patented duly 15, W24.

entree stares rnenn 0. norm, or nnrzaorr, moment.

PAVEMENT AND PROCESS OF CQNSTBUCTING THE 8.5.51?

' Application filed December 1. 1921.

To all who/It it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK 0. Robin, a

citizen of the United States of America, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and. State of Michigan, have invented certain'new and useful Improvements in Pavement and Processes of Constructing the Same, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

be ready for use almost immediately after bein laid.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a paving nmterialwhich may be used for resurfacing any of the ordinary forms of roadways now in common use.

The invention consists in placing upon any suitable foundation or base, a layer of previously formed resilient slabs consisting of a plastic clay thoroughly mixed with asphaltum, and upon this resilient intermediate layer, securing one or more layers of previously formed slabs to form a wearing surface, the superposed layer consisting of a mixture of clay, stone, and asphaltum, part of the cla being plastic clay of a hard texture, and the rest pulverized fragments of burnt clay, and the stone consisting of crushed rock or of pebbles and sand of a suitable size to be specified later as the description proceeds. The clay content is a material element of the several layers in that it'materially assists in the retentio'nof the asphaltic binder.

It further consists in the proportions of the various ingredients used in' the wearing layer or layers, and in the resilient layer, and in the asphaltic cement used between the slabs and as a surfacing coat for the base and for the wearing layer that lies up Serial No. 519,055.

in the manner in which the various elements are,arranged and held in position.

In the drawings forming a'portion of this specification,

Figure 1 is a vertical section through a roadway embodying a preferred form of my inventionn Fig. 2 is a plan view of a same roadway, parts of each layer being indicated as broken away to expose underlying layers;

Fig. 3 is a section through a path or walk showing a modified form of the invention; and

Fig. 4. is a vertical section through a portion of a building, showin' the paving material applied in position 101 use as a floor.

In each instance, there is a base 1, an intermediate layer 2, and a wearing layer 3. In. the roadway indicated. inFigs. 1' and 2, the base 1 may be a previously existing road in which the ruts and irregularities have been filled or which has been scraped or otherwise brought to a smooth surface, or it may be a newly formed foundation of hydraulic concrete, macadam, telford, gravel, or even a well packed surface of the existing soil. This base will be suitably crowned and should be dry at the time the intermediate layer 2 is applied.

An asphalt'ic cement is prepared consisting of a rniiiture of asphaltum with from fiftyto eighty per cent of hydro-carbon oils to vi hicl'i is added a finely pulverized plastic clay ofhard texture in such proportion that at a temperature of about two hundred to two hundred and fifty degrees Fahrenheit the mixture will flow freely and adhere firmly when itcools in contactwith the base or slabs.

A coating 6 of the hot cement is applied to the base 1 and the slabs or blocks 4 constituting the intermediate layer are pressed :into firm contact with the sticky coating before the cement becomes cool. The joints between the slabs are filled with the hot cement as indicated at 9, and the upper surface of theslabs are given a coating as indicated at 7. i l

lV-l1ile the coating 7 is still hot, the top layer of slabs is placed in position, care being used to break joints with the slabs of the intermediate layer. The joints between the slabs are filled with the hot cement as shown at f.) and the top surface is also painted with the same cement. Be-

portion of the AH 05 A in emztsefi'wrth sch either wad wth the base, 1 0012 the roadway is ready fies-use.

The blacks 0. slabs Wifi frezn shines fem-the f an inch to imc-hefi thick may swims e261 "w easy iuinliieg em? such that s k sumeieet num ber wifi (sever the esired widzh,

intsmzaediste resiiien' myer WiE. sis: sf 2, mixt'zre of seventy t0 ninezy per eeng, puiverized pisstie slayer PbjVQE- named 'cisy was is ten nascent e2? ssphakiwm c0? esizsisg I to eigghiy per cent filter hydmce'r'ben ails. kiss? and wul-verizei c121 WE" e55. m a tempermre cf afseut three hsnflred is hree hundred and fifty A-agrees and sham. ihermxghly mixed. with the ss phaitumefl mixture heatel to ebsut the same tempemmxe the mixture is mmgg-isiec'i it poured into moulds and subjected to s pressome squme inch bein -e has become 'ighez'oughiy eeei. a siab is resi'iient iike the of pied so receive file necks transmitsgh the upper 11* em? greatly in its wearing qualities. T17; may semsem, flue m itspemsit-y quickly abserbs the ssphsit ic retainmg it,

thus gaeesiy ineressing the ii-fie of the ma:

The '5951511215; ieyer will consist sf siaiz s 311mg ehiz't LO flit per cent of puiveziZe-si plastic in e? texture, fifieen zzizy per: cent of the same gmde clay Fauynefl Q's-rig. as fusing Oi1l$ pulvis eight ts the inch, fifteen 4:0 :31 3 per pent ef crushed Peak 0";- harzi pebbles-and send 9" -izes that wiil pass throz'lgh quark? men scream be wif}. v a 6W I S821 zen and. "can to thzrs ee'n taming fifgy :0 might hydrecerben @115. The

a izempemtme m hunre-el end. fiizv u a flleziemgfv mixture will woieeted I 7 V a a o ure m s mania as des 1n cllscuss '1 a leeks 0f L 11, 11;-

c; pz'oduecien or the e late layer "is WRHC iilustrated in Fig. 3, mny extend the fuli Width and the mwatu'a'e air the surface K908553133 bemmifi ech in the my floor slswn seen has became.

forms and modifieatiens Withih "the legiti-s mate and valioi scope ef the eppendexi claims.

' What Feiaim is;--

1. A pavement farmer of two or more layers centalqing mineral. anus? bitumirlous material secured tegether by a bituminous elastic cement the uppermost layel forming the Wearing surface and being mare rigid than the Ea es, beneath. 1t. and. she

iiewer layer being relatively resi].ient te' eushien shacks received by the uppermost layer.

2. A :reed structure combining with an expesed rigid tzop wearing layer, an intermediate resilient layer consisting ofplasfiic clsy impregnated with asphsltum, and. a eqmpact foundation.

3. A p vement and the like formed (if twemem iayers 0'5 sel isarsrlte compact blacks hid ed t0 edge, each block 5% t0 e ad acent bleak by a bending mmerisi,

the upgver Esq er, being relatively rigid? eontaiximg miner-s1 and bimminous materiel adapted to form a wee-ring surface, @116. the lower layer being relatively resilietsiz @1141 containing mineral and bitumineus material adapted m cushion shocks received! by the Wearing sueiece,

A road structure having a firm funnels,-

tien, an inieifmeeiiase layer of resilient slabs censisting essentially of plastic c123" and asz-haitum, and a. superpesed Wearin layer of ccnsisuing 0i piastie clay, burn; clay, asph'sl'mm wzl V F] A, sfi'uctmre as inelsim i, in which the intermedlwae layer is cemente im the sugser aoseel layer by an elastic bituminous as men:

x recess constructing reeflways and me Pike which consists cementing; resifient slabs or". a compressed mimzmre'ef plastic clay and usphalizum spam. 2. rigivii foumiaiien essenswi then a layer sizabs of a wearing material apex 1 the resilient slabs.

I. The pz-ocess 0i censtrnctmg wadvmys and lie like which consists in eei'nenting pireformal siebs of resilient, shock sbserbing asphaltlcmlxture to a rigid base and izhen cementmg preformed shbs of. a eompressedl nsphal'tic mixture 01? day, burnt clay and.

stem upon the resilient slabs m a resilient esphaltie cement.

.zvne pyeeess of eonstrue' sieg reaiicj'f titious material is warm.

name

and the like which consists in gum-forming slabs of resilient material and other slabs having relatively less resiliency and better weering qualities, laying the slabs of greatest resiliency upon e foundation, cementing these slabs together and covering the same with e hot fluid cementitious materisi, and laying the slabs of lesser resiliency upon the first layer while said cemen- 9; The recess of constructing roadways end the like which consists 1n forming resilient slabs under pressure from a mixture of plastic clay and esphsltum and forming under pressure slabs to form a wearing surface, from a mixture oflburnt clay, as-

phaltum and rock, laying the resilient slabs in en esphaltic. cement upon e foundation,

and then laying the slabs to forms hearing surface, upon the resilient slabs and ANNA M. Dorm, CHAS. W. STAUFFIGER. 

